bharatnatyam (dasiattam)

                         BHARATNATYAM 

Bharatnatyam is one of the indian classical dance. which originated in indian subcontinent in ancient period.This dance form  also called dasiattam or sadir. This performing art belongs to south indian state Tamilnadu, tanjor and other region. Thia dance form symbolizes the element of fire. 

 BHARATNATYAM -  BHA- BHAV (emotion)

                                      RA- RAGA (music)

                                     TA- TAAL (rhythm)

                                      NATYAM-  SANSKRIT WORD FOR DRAMA AND DANCE 

Abhinaya darpan and sangeet ratnakar guide the technique and grammar of body movements.

This dance form mentioned in kannada text manasollasa written by someshwara iii, also found in ancient tamil epic SILAPPATIKARAM. Bharatnatyam found in natyashastra, ( hindu text of performance arts.) written by scholar Bharatmuni. Brihaddeshwara temple was a major centre for bharatnatyam since 1000 CE. Gopurams of chdambaram display the poses of bharatnatyam, chaarisand karanas that are carved in the stones.

Bharatnatyam represent the indian religious themes and spiritual ideas of shaivism, vaishnavism and shaktism ( collectively hinduism).

Bharatnatyam is the dance that encompasses music, rhythm and expression and strictly adheres to the natyashastra (the scripyure of classical indian dance).

CULTURE OF BHARATNATYAM- Bharatnatyam performed by devadasi ( servant girls of deva                                                                      temples) in ancient. this art form performed by male and female                                                                both now. we can found lasya and tandav here.

 

REPERTOIRE OF BHARATNATYAM-  Alarippu- invocation

                                                                  Jatiswaram- nritta part

                                                                   Shabdam- short comositions with word.

                                                                   Varnam- story that includes both nritta and nritya.

                                                                   Padam- religious prayer, bhajan, keertanam.

                                                                    Thillana- origin in the tarana of hindustani music.

                                                                     Ends with mangalam.

CLOTHING/ COSTUMES AND MAKEUP-  Immense and charismatic makeup ( hair as a single bun                                                                               is tied just before the plaits). The eye- catching costume                                                                             (bright colored sari, today the costume comes in 7pieces                                                                              that are worn simply, for mem- dhoti). glowing                                                                                            ornaments.

MUSIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS-  Crnatic style music vocalists called- nattuvarar                                                                                          (normally guru). verses are usually in tamil, telugu,                                                                                     kannada, sanskrit.

INSTRUMENTS ARE- mridangam, nadaswaram, nattuvangam, flute, violin, veena etc.

 DECLINATION OF THIS BEAUTIFUL DANCE FORM-  With the arrival of the east india company  

in the 18th century, and british colonial rule, many classical indian dance forms were disccouraged, and these performance arts decline.

 In 1910, the madras presidency of the british empire altogether banned temple dancing, and with it the bharatnatyam tradition with in hindu temples.

PATRONISING OF BHARATNATYAM-  Maratha rulers of tanjore patronized this dance form.

                  

Rukmini devi arundale created a renaissance. before her, this art form was almost dead. she raised this art form to a puritan form.

                                                                rukmini devi arundale

 

Rukmini devi founded the kalakshetra in adyar and thus gave a new hope to the promotion of this dance form.

Also, T. balasararswati's efforts helped to uplift this art form to the form known today.

                                                                   T. balasaraswati

 

THE FAMOUS BHARATNATYAM DANCERS- Yamini krishnamurthy

                                                                                  Meenakshi sundaram pillai

                                                                                  Janaki rangarajan

                                                                                  Mrinalini sarabhai.